三棱火针加拔罐治疗腘窝囊肿30例

ObjectiveTo explore the therapeutic effect of the fire needling with the three-edged needle and the cupping on popliteal cyst.MethodsA total of 60 patients of popliteal cyst were divided into two groups, 30 cases in each one according to the random number table. In the fire needling group, the burnt-red three-edged needle was inserted to the deep layer of the cyst. After the fluid was squeezed out, the cupping was exerted. The treatment was given 1 to 2 times a week, for 4 weeks totally. In the western medication group, prednisolone acetate 25 mg was injected in the cyst capsule, once a week, for 4 weeks totally. The effective rate, recurrence rate and Rauschning–Lindgren grading were evaluated before and after treatment.ResultsThe total effective rate was 80.0% in the fire needling group and was 83.3% in the western medication group, without statistical significance in comparison (P > 0.05). The recurrence rate was 6.7% in the fire needling group and was 30% in the western medication group. The recurrence rate in the fire needling group was lower than that in the western medication group, indicating the statistical significance (P < 0.05). After treatment, Rauschning–Lindgren grade was different statistically as compared with that before treatment in either group (both P < 0.05). Rauschning–Lindgren grade was distributed in 0 to I in the fire needling group after treatment, which was different significantly as compared with the western medication group (P < 0.05).ConclusionThe combined treatment with the fire needling combined with cupping therapy achieves the satisfactory effect on popliteal cyst and the very low recurrence rate and it is easy in operation and deserves to be promoted in primary care.     

经皮耳迷走神经刺激干预功能性消化不良模型大鼠的效应及机制研究

ObjectiveTo explore the effect and its possible mechanism of the intervention of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) for the functional dyspepsia (FD) model rats.MethodsOf the 25 male SD rats, 6 rats were set as blank group, the other 19 rats were established to be the functional dyspepsia (FD) model by iodoacetamide intragastric administration, and 18 FD models were successfully established. The 18 model rats were randomly divided into a model group, a sham-taVNS group, and taVNS group, with 6 rats in each group. There was no intervention applied to the rats in the blank and model groups. Whereas, the rats in sham-taVNS group received stimulation to the rim of auricular concha of both sides, and those in taVNS group received stimulation to the cavity of auricular concha of both sides, for 30 min each time, once a day, 7 days in succession. After the intervention, the gastric sensitivity of the rats in each group under different pressure conditions in the stomach, the expressions of serum brain-gut peptide motilin (MTL), cholecystokinin (CCK), glucagon-likepeptide1 (GLP-1), and inflammatory factors IL-4, IL-10, and IL-1β were detected.Results(1) Gastric sensitivity: compared with the blank group, the gastric sensitivity of the model group was higher (P <0.05). Compared with the model group, the gastric sensitivity of the taVNS group was lower (P < 0.05). Compared with the sham-taVNS group, the gastric sensitivity of the taVNS group was lower (P <0.05).(2) Expression of brain-gut peptide: compared with the blank group, MTL was lower, CCK and GLP-1 were higher in the model group (all P <0.05). Compared with the model group, MTL was higher, CCK and GLP-1 were lower in the taVNS group (all P <0.05). Compared with the sham-taVNS group, CCK and GLP-1 were lower in the taVNS group (both P<0.05). (3)Expression of inflammatory factors: compared with the blank group, IL-4 and IL-10 were lower and IL-1β was higher in the model group (all P <0.05). Compared with the model group, IL-10 was higher and IL-1β was lower in the sham-taVNS group (all P <0.05), while IL-4 and IL-10 were higher and IL-1β was lower in the taVNS group (all P <0.05). Compared with the sham-taVNS group, IL-4 and IL-10 were higher and IL-1β was lower in the taVNS group (all P <0.05).ConclusionTaVNS can reduce the gastric sensitivity of FD model rats by peripheral anti-inflammatory action and regulating the abnormal secretion of brain-gut peptide.     

彩色多普勒超声对隐匿性糖尿病肾病各级肾动脉的观察

目的:探讨彩色多普勒超声对隐匿性糖尿病肾病的诊断价值。方法:对隐匿性糖尿病肾病72例(观察组)、临床蛋白尿组63例、肾衰组47例行彩色多普勒超声检查,分别与正常对照组30例对比双肾主动脉、叶间动脉的收缩期峰值流速(Vmax)、舒张期流速(Vmin)、阻力指数(RI)及双肾大小。结果:观察组、临床蛋白尿组及肾衰组的肾主动脉、叶间动脉的阻力指数均较对照组有较大差异(P<0.05,P<0.01),观察组的肾主动脉及叶间动脉的舒张期流速明显降低(P<0.01),临床蛋白尿组的肾主动脉舒张期流速、叶间动脉的收缩期及舒张期流速均降低(P<0.01),肾衰组的肾主动脉、叶间动脉的收缩期及舒张期流速均降低(P<0.01);观察组、临床蛋白尿组双肾大小较对照组测值略大,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),肾衰组与各组之间比较均有较大差异(P<0.01)。结论:彩色多普勒超声检测糖尿病患者肾血管血流参数的变化对早期诊断隐匿性糖尿病肾病有一定价值。     

静态有限元法分析基于“裹帘”法外固定拇外翻术后截骨端的稳定性

BACKGROUND: Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine minimally invasive treatment for hallux valgus based on wrapped curtain method with “8”-shaped bandage and sub toe pad external fixation has been used for a long time in the clinic. This method abandons the internal implant fixation and external plaster fixation. After surgery, patients could take care of themselves. However, the activity of the broken end may cause fracture nonunion, which once aroused scholars’ question. Recently, with the continuous improvement of foot biomechanics research, foot finite element model and applications become a reality.     

持续牵引在纠正桡骨远端不稳定骨折中桡骨短缩的作用机制探讨

目的：探讨持续牵引在桡骨远端不稳定骨折治疗中的力学机制。方法：采用复位外固定器治疗30例桡骨远端不稳定骨折,男4例,女26例;年龄18-85岁,平均61岁。按AO分型,其中A3型12例,B2型3例,C1型8例,C2型4例,C3型3例。分别测量患者术前与术后X线上的桡骨茎突与尺骨关节面之间的距离。结果：30例患者获得6-15个月的随访,平均11．2个月。测量X线结果为术前平均（0．55±0．22）cm,术后平均（1．07±0．23）cm,明显高于术前,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论：复位外固定器提供的持续牵引其作用机制可以通过筋束骨理论、韧带整复原理及牵拉成骨理论解释。     

透明质酸钠黏弹性补充治疗膝骨性关节炎的远期疗效观察

目的:通过回顾性分析关节腔注射透明质酸钠对膝骨性关节炎的远期效果,为黏弹性补充疗法提供临床依据.方法:2006年1月至2007年8月治疗膝骨性关节炎181膝(120例),其中轻度61膝,中度72膝,重度48膝.采用透明质酸钠关节腔内注射治疗,每次2 ml,每周1次,连续5周为1个疗程.应用VAS视觉模拟标尺法、日本骨科协会(JOA)的膝关节骨性关节炎评分系统,分别于治疗前及治疗后1个月、1、2年进行疗效评估.结果:①VAS疼痛分值:治疗前平均(7.26±1.83)分,治疗后1个月平均(1.85±1.21)分,随访1年时平均(2.54±1.40)分,随访2年时平均(3.07±1.51)分,均比治疗前降低.②JOA膝关节功能评分:治疗前平均(18.7±6.6)分,治疗后1个月平均(84.3±15.5)分,1年平均(75.4±22.4)分,2年平均(64.8±25.6)分,均较治疗前提高.③远期疗效评估:采用JOA评分方法,181膝治疗后1个差45膝.随着时间推移,疗效逐渐下降.治疗2年时轻度患者优16膝,良22膝,可15膝,差8膝;中度患者优16膝,良20膝,可21膝,差15膝;重度患者优8膝,良8膝,可10膝,差22膝.结论:关节腔注射透明质酸钠对膝骨性关节炎具有良好的远期疗效,尤其对轻、中度骨性关节炎更为满意,对重度骨性关节炎近期疗效尚可,远期疗效较差.     

股骨头坏死患者生活质量临床研究

目的探讨股骨头坏死(ONFH)患者的生活质量及影响因素,为ONFH的治疗选择提供依据;探讨将生活质量作为其疗效评价的可行性。方法采用国际通用的SF-36量表对95例ONFH的住院患者和60例正常对照人群进行测量评分。155份量表的填写均为被调查者本人完成。95例ONFH患者按ARCO分期:Ⅰ期4例,Ⅱ期54例,Ⅲ期32例,Ⅳ期5例。界定Ⅰ～Ⅱ期为早期,Ⅲ～Ⅳ期为中晚期。将性别、年龄、职业、婚姻状况、文化程度、家庭收入等非疾病因素作为自变量,通过t检验、方差分析、多元逐步回归分析ONFH患者的生活质量及其影响因素。结果 ONFH组生活质量评分分别为躯体功能(PF)(69.42±16.16)分;躯体健康所致角色限制(RP)(24.11±34.91)分;躯体疼痛(BP)(67.02±14.36)分;总体健康(GH)(54.21±22.79)分;活力(VT)(65.42±22.65)分;社会功能(SF)(66.08±26.00)分;情绪问题所致角色限制(RE)(55.44±43.11)分;心理健康(MH)(65.73±18.96)分与正常组进行比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.01);早期和中晚期患者的PF、RP评分分别为(72.46±11.41)、(64.87±20.71)分和(19.74±31.60)、(38.16±37.10)分,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);非疾病因素对生存质量各维度均有影响,特别是文化程度和婚姻状况。结论生活质量的评价为ONFH治疗方法的选择提供了依据,把生活质量引入ONFH的疗效评价体系将更具有人性化。     

切开与关节镜下Latarjet手术治疗肩关节前向不稳临床疗效的Meta分析

目的:通过Meta分析比较切开与关节镜下Latarjet手术治疗肩关节前向不稳的临床疗效差异。方法 :计算机检索PubMed、Medline、Embase、Cochrane、中国知网、万方、中国生物医学文献数据库和维普数据库,以查找关于切开和关节镜下Latarjet手术治疗肩关节前向不稳的回顾性或前瞻性队列研究或随机对照试验。选择二分类变量,如术后复发率、术中及术后并发症发生率;以及连续型变量,如肩关节外旋活动度,Walch-Duplay评分,Rowe评分,西安大略肩关节不稳指数(Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index,WOSI)评分,术后视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS),术后患者焦虑程度,手术时间和螺钉置入角度等结局指标进行分析。采用NOS偏倚风险评估标准(Cochrane协作网推荐)评价回顾性或前瞻性队列研究的文献质量,随机对照试验的质量评价采用改良Jadad量表。由2人独立进行文献筛选、文献质量评价及数据提取。使用RevMan 5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果:(1)共纳入9篇文献,其中8篇回顾性队列研究和1篇前瞻性队列研究,研究证据级别较低,共纳入956例患者,其中切开Latarjet手术436例,关节镜下Latarjet手术520例。(2)Meta分析结果显示,切开组术后肩关节WOSI评分优于关节镜下组(MD=93.74,95%CI:26.00~161.49,P=0.007),且螺钉置入角度明显小于关节镜组(MD=-6.44,95%CI:-12.08~0.81,P=0.02)。(3)切开Latarjet手术复发率低于关节镜下Latarjet手术,但二者差异无统计学意义(OR=0.84,95%CI:0.23~3.05,P=0.79)。(4)在肩关节外旋活动度、Walch-Duplay评分、Rowe评分、术后视觉模VAS评分、术后患者焦虑程度和手术时间等方面切开和关节镜下Latarjet手术之间差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:切开和关节镜下Latarjet手术治疗肩关节前向不稳均能取得良好的临床疗效,且术后复发脱位率及并发症较低。切开和镜下Latarjet均为治疗肩关节前向不稳的可靠手术方式。但镜下手术较切开手术学习曲线长,需要一定量的手术积累,因此临床医生可根据手术技术熟练程度、喜好和患者的情况等因素选择镜下或切开手术。但研究中所纳入的文献皆为队列研究,证据等级不高,缺少随机对照试验,且样本量较小,未来仍需要大样本量、高证据等级的随机对照研究来确定两者之间的疗效差异。